The Formation of Pollution Havens: A Case Study of Pulp Production in the Southern Cone

Abstract

In the last three decades, important changes to the location of highly polluting industrial segments have occurred (from developed countries to developing countries). One of the investigated hypotheses of this paper is the formation of pollution havens. To contribute to the research of these havens, the article proposes an analysis of behavioral and environmental performance of foreign companies cellulose, located in the Southern Cone Region (Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Uruguay). The research identified subtle differences in behavior, but significant in performance. In general, foreign plants in the Southern Cone have a better performance. Moreover, export data indicated a specialization in trade. Therefore, it can be said that in the region there is an imminent pollution havens process, due to the installation of many industrial plants of large size, many with more than one million tons/year production capacity.